英文原文
Volunteer Involvement in Local Government after September 11: The Continuing Question of Capacity（节选）
Abstract: The 1990s witnessed extensive promotion of volunteerism and the creation of a federal and state infrastructure to support government voluntary activities. What has been the impact on local governments? This article reports on a 2003 survey of volunteer involvement in Georgia local government, which followed a similar 1990 study and provides a rare opportunity to examine long-term trends in public volunteerism. Volunteerism in Georgia cities and counties has increased during the past decade, with 81 percent of all jurisdictions now reporting some volunteer engagement. The events of September 11, 2001, have had a small but generally positive effect on volunteer utilization. However, political and labor resistance to government volunteers has not been resolved. And the increase in public managersrsquo; concerns that they lack the funding or staff to utilize volunteers suggests that governmental capacity remains the principal obstacle to greater volunteer involvement in local governments.
Key words: volunteer involvement, governments,impacts
Scholars from many academic fields have expressed interest in the policy implications of local governmentrsquo;s reliance on private resources to deliver public services. Yet one aspect of the “new governance”that is still overlooked (for example, in Salamon 2002) is the great contribution made by private individuals who serve as volunteers to local, state, and federal agencies. One-quarter (26 percent) of all individuals who volunteer donate their time to government, and 85 percent of these volunteers serve city and county governments. Local government has attracted a growing number of public-sector volunteers, from 79 percent of all government volunteers in 1990 to 85 percent in 1999. In 1999, local government attracted 40 percent of all educational volunteers and nearly one-quarter of all recreation volunteers (Weitzmanetal. 2002). Local government managers serve as important actors in building volunteerism and social capital in their communities (Brudney and Kellough 2000; Brewer 2003).
These statistics paint an impressive picture of the scope of volunteer involvement in local government, and they suggest a modest, positive trend in public-sector volunteer utilization. The opportunity to examine trends in volunteer participation in the past decade is important because of the substantial amount of public promotion, financial support, and coordination of volunteerism that has been put in place over that period. Particularly useful to practitioners and scholars are studies that capture public officials perspectives on local government volunteerism, such as the value they place on volunteers and the barriers they perceive to fuller use of volunteers. This article addresses these questions by replicating aspects of a study of Georgia public volunteerism conducted in 1990 that examines perceptions of volunteer value. While the original and replicated studies limit their generalizability somewhat by collecting data from a single state, the study nonetheless has value for public managers and academics by identifying noteworthy trends in local public volunteer involvement.
In many ways, the political situation in Georgia for local government administrators in 1990 and in 2003 is remarkably similar: Both years saw economic and political uncertainty resulting from recessions and the wars in the Middle East. What has changed for local public managers is their ability to profit from greater promotional activities and various attempts to develop infrastructure over the past decade to support public sector volunteers. This period also saw a stronger citizen commitment to public disaster-relief projects such as wildfire suppression, flood control,and relief efforts following the September 11 terrorist attacks. Thus, despite the use of state-specific data, this article can help to fill a gap in our understanding of the impact of September 11 on volunteer participation in local government and the current state of perceived barriers to additional volunteer involvement.
Substantial growth in service volunteerism in the public sector was first observed in the 1970s and occurred throughout the 1980s (Brudney 1990). Pressures from within and outside government contributed to the growth in government volunteerism, including greater service demands by citizens and significant cutbacks in federal financial support that required local governments to look elsewhere for resources. The result was an increase not only in the number of jurisdictions utilizing volunteers nationwide, but also their involvement in a wider range of service areas. Volunteers not only occupied traditional roles coaching soccer, tutoring youths, and fighting fires, they also began to lend executive expertise to local government finance and fund-raising efforts, collaborate with local governments in animal control and staff zoning enforcement and disaster-preparedness programs (Valente and Manchester 1984; Brudney 1990).
Volunteer Promotion During the 1990s
Between 1990 and 2003, a number of national and state events took place that encouraged greater citizen volunteerism—and, often, government volunteerism in p
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2021届英文翻译原文
题 目： 9.11之后志愿人员参与地方政府：持续的能力问题
系 （院）： 法政学院
专业班级： 公管1701
学 号： 2303170115
学生姓名： 吴妍
指导教师： 宋巨盛
2021年2月26日
目录
英文原文
Volunteer Involvement in Local Government after September 11: The Continuing Question of Capacity（节选）
Abstract: The 1990s witnessed extensive promotion of volunteerism and the creation of a federal and state infrastructure to support government voluntary activities. What has been the impact on local governments? This article reports on a 2003 survey of volunteer involvement in Georgia local government, which followed a similar 1990 study and provides a rare opportunity to examine long-term trends in public volunteerism. Volunteerism in Georgia cities and counties has increased during the past decade, with 81 percent of all jurisdictions now reporting some volunteer engagement. The events of September 11, 2001, have had a small but generally positive effect on volunteer utilization. However, political and labor resistance to government volunteers has not been resolved. And the increase in public managersrsquo; concerns that they lack the funding or staff to utilize volunteers suggests that governmental capacity remains the principal obstacle to greater volunteer involvement in local governments.
Key words: volunteer involvement, governments,impacts
Scholars from many academic fields have expressed interest in the policy implications of local governmentrsquo;s reliance on private resources to deliver public services. Yet one aspect of the “new governance”that is still overlooked (for example, in Salamon 2002) is the great contribution made by private individuals who serve as volunteers to local, state, and federal agencies. One-quarter (26 percent) of all individuals who volunteer donate their time to government, and 85 percent of these volunteers serve city and county governments. Local government has attracted a growing number of public-sector volunteers, from 79 percent of all government volunteers in 1990 to 85 percent in 1999. In 1999, local government attracted 40 percent of all educational volunteers and nearly one-quarter of all recreation volunteers (Weitzmanetal. 2002). Local government managers serve as important actors in building volunteerism and social capital in their communities (Brudney and Kellough 2000; Brewer 2003).
These statistics paint an impressive picture of the scope of volunteer involvement in local government, and they suggest a modest, positive trend in public-sector volunteer utilization. The opportunity to examine trends in volunteer participation in the past decade is important because of the substantial amount of public promotion, financial support, and coordination of volunteerism that has been put in place over that period. Particularly useful to practitioners and scholars are studies that capture public officials perspectives on local government volunteerism, such as the value they place on volunteers and the barriers they perceive to fuller use of volunteers. This article addresses these questions by replicating aspects of a study of Georgia public volunteerism conducted in 1990 that examines perceptions of volunteer value. While the original and replicated studies limit their generalizability somewhat by collecting data from a single state, the study nonetheless has value for public managers and academics by identifying noteworthy trends in local public volunteer involvement.
In many ways, the political situation in Georgia for local government administrators in 1990 and in 2003 is remarkably similar: Both years saw economic and political uncertainty resulting from recessions and the wars in the Middle East. What has changed for local public managers is their ability to profit from greater promotional activities and various attempts to develop infrastructure over the past decade to support public sector volunteers. This period also saw a stronger citizen commitment to public disaster-relief projects such as wildfire suppression, flood control,and relief efforts following the September 11 terrorist attacks. Thus, despite the use of state-specific data, this article can help to fill a gap in our understanding of the impact of September 11 on volunteer participation in local government and the current state of perceived barriers to additional volunteer involvement.
Substantial growth in service volunteerism in the public sector was first observed in the 1970s and occurred throughout the 1980s (Brudney 1990). Pressures from within and outside government contributed to the growth in government volunteerism, including greater service demands by citizens and significant cutbacks in federal financial support that required local governments to look elsewhere for resources. The result was an increase not only in the number of jurisdictions utilizing volunteers nationwide, but also their involvement in a wider range of service areas. Volunteers not only occupied traditional roles coaching soccer, tutoring youths, and fighting fires, they also began to lend executive expertise to local government finance and fund-raising efforts, collaborate with local governments in animal control and staff zoning enforcement and disaster-preparedness programs (Valente and Manchester 1984; Brudney 1990).
Volunteer Promotion During the 1990s
Between 1990 and 2
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